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The Institute
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October 26, 2000 Introduction: Those who plan, operate, and maintain civil infrastructure systems rely on a broad range of data, not only on facility location, condition, and performance, but also on land use, environmental, and demographic conditions. Advances in information technology continue to provide infrastructure decision-makers with increasingly sophisticated tools for collecting, managing, and applying this data in ways that can improve infrastructure efficiency and performance. One of these tools is Geographic Information Systems technology or GIS. Defined by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as a “computer system capable of assembling, storing, manipulating, and displaying geographically referenced information, i.e. data identified according to their locations,”1 GIS involves geospatial database, statistical analysis, and image processing programs that integrate and visualize geographic, social, and physical data. For the civil infrastructure systems community, GIS offers a number of valuable applications, including siting and design, work scheduling, and demand forecasting. GIS has also become an important means of linking and relating infrastructure systems to one another and to communities. 
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Report on the National Forum on Advanced GIS Applications