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January 18, 2002 Christine Olivia Uy Lifelines are distinguished from other types of infrastructure by three characteristics: physical extent, diverse components and interconnectivity (O’Rourke, 1993). There are six principal types of lifelines systems: transportation, electric power, gas and liquid fuels, telecommunications, wastewater facilities, and water supply (O’Rourke et al, 2001). Transportation systems have been covered in Chapter 4. Accordingly, lifeline systems other than transportation are dealt with in this chapter, with emphasis on energy, water, wastewater, and telecommunications utilities. With the advancement and decrease in cost of computer technology, the growth of urban areas, and deregulation of utilities, GIS technologies have become essential to the success and profitability of both public and private utility providers. The push within many companies and municipalities is “enterprise GIS,” a concept that expands and coordinates GIS use throughout all departments. An enterprise-GIS provides a common spatial database for organizing and managing all utility activities. These activities include site selection, demographic analysis, asset management, engineering, logistics, compliance, operations, customer service, risk analysis, marketing, and finance.  GIS Applications Chapter Six - Lifeline Systems.pdf
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